biology

Ardi
4.4 million years old
earliest human known
4 feet tall
enviroment was woodland
flat-footed but walked on two legs
tree-dweller
had opposible big toes and thumbs but was better on ground
scientist thought to believe they lived in groups that helped each other and shared
canine teeth were present
female
weighed 110 pounds
feet more stable then that of a chimps
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2009-10/uoc--adl100109.php
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardi

Riddle of the bones

How did They move?

First Family Broad heels- could withstand the pressure used in upright walking.

First Family Toe Bones- curve away from the heel , which is not like those a normal tree climbing primate.

Lucy's pelvis-hints she walked on 2 legs. looks similar to that of a modern day female.

Lucy's Forearm- Longer more power full. made so she could climb and spend most time in trees.

Laetoli Footprints- made by two feet but in a forward motion not as a chimp which is sideways.

What did they look like?

First family- vary in sizes from male to female to young

      -jaw shows a mix of human and chimp-like traits

Hadar Skull- heavy brow structure with a small skull cavity and canine teeth. a more ape like looking skull.

      - teeth with heavy wear from ripping vegetation off of branches

Lucy-wide pelvic opening which meant she was female

- roughly three and a half feet tall and built powerfully

-jaws shows she had wisdom teeth but no wear on her teeth so she was a middle-aged adult

Laetoli footprints-arched with a disconnected big toe

Are they all the same species?

First Family- similar structure to all and size varied

Hadar skull- fragments in jaw and teeth both similar to Lucy and First Family

Lucy- a more V shaped jaw from the hadar skull and a foot shorter then the family

Laetoli Footprints- must of had knee joints and hip joints like much of the first family and Lucy

When did they live?

First family- 3.2 Million years

Hadar Skull- 3 million years

Lucy- 3.2 Million years

Laetoli footprints- 3.6 million years

Selectively bred milking cows
These cows were bred to do one thing only to have a calve and produce up to 20 litres of milk in stead of just 2
http://www.ciwf.org.uk/includes/documents/cm_docs/2008/s/science_worksheets_selective_breeding.pdf
They do this by artifical insemination, which is injecting the cow itself with genetically modifidy sperm so that calf produces more milk them usual.
This takes place on many dairy farms and labs across the globe.
the people that do this are the farmers that need to meet the worlds high demand for milk/diary products.
this process started in russia in the later 19th century and in the early 20th century.
http://www.biotopics.co.uk/edexcel/biotechnol/artins.html
http://www.ehow.com/about_5052929_history-artificial-insemination-cattle.html

Coastal Wolves
Adaptations-1)the redish change of color in their fur.
2)the ability to swim better
3)ability to fish/ be patient
Types of Adaptations- 1)Structural because it cahnges the physical feature
2)Behavioral because it must it must do this because of its environment
3)Behavioral because it learns this because of its enviroment
How it is better- 1) Because it allows it to blend into its suroundings more
2) Because it allows them to move from island to island with in the habitat
3)Because this allows it to obtain a food source during the spawning season
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D325M5VE0BA

bio

1635-first school premote christianity-Massachusettes Puritans found first school to teach religon.
1735- Linnaeus' Sytema Naturae Charts life- Carl von Linne attempts to class all life
1749-Comte de Buffon Proposes Radical Ideas- Buffon speculates all living creatures evolve
1802-Natural Theology views god through nature-William Paley holds gods attributes are manifested in us.
1809- Darwin Born- Charles Darwin born at social conservative time
1817- Cuvier sees catastrophes in fossil record- Cuvier says evolution didnt happen
1830- Lyell describes immense age of earth-Charles Lyell argues slow-moving of earth explains geology
1846 Lord Kelvin Calculates earth age- Lor Kelvin proclaims the earth is roughly 100 million years old
1860- Darwin's foes protest ape-man connection-critics attack Darwin's Theory for bestializing humankind
1871-Darwin explore Deascent of man- Darwin makes natural selection theory
1887- theistic evolution stresses god's role-scientists say god has explicit role in evolution
1905-1915- Fundamentals launch ne movement-Protestant fundamentalism sets stage for growing social movement
1915- Bible reading require in public schools- Bible reading 10 versues a day demanded
1919- Conservative Christians flock WCFA- 6000 Christians attend world christian fundamental association
1923- First anti-evolution bill passed-ban placed on teaching of evolution in some states
1925-Biology textbooks censored- evolution removed from textbooks
1942- evolution shunned-evolution teaching slows drastically

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